Reach new heights with mountain photography.

Look to the sky.

The land isn’t the only changeable factor. To get a sense of sun and moon paths and their rising and setting times, Whitehouse recommends the PhotoPills app. “It helps me figure out exactly where to be for these moments. There’s also an app called Star Walk that helps you plan out star constellations for astrophotography.”

Always check the weather, but ultimately be prepared for the forecast to be wrong. “Know that when you get into the mountains, temperatures are usually much colder,” Nguyen says. “You don’t know until you experience for yourself just how volatile the weather is and how quickly it changes.”

Make backup plans.

You can’t plan for every unexpected event, but you can give yourself alternatives in case your ideal plans fall through. “You need to be flexible with a plan B and plan C,” says Nguyen. “Work with what you have. As beautiful as mountains are, they can also be unpredictable.”

Essentials for life.

Pack for outdoor adventure. “Conditions can turn on you at any moment, so I always carry a headlamp, extra battery pack, down jacket, and rain protection for my gear and backpack,” Nguyen says. Also pack more food and water than you think you’ll need and make sure to have a fully charged phone.

If you’re going to be out overnight, you’ll need more food, maybe a portable stove, and a tent. Nguyen recommends buying lightweight gear. “Even though it’s more expensive, it’s worth it to not carry as much weight.” Whitehouse brings along a Garmin or other GPS satellite communicator for safety.

Essentials for art.

Camera equipment gets heavy, especially when you carry it uphill for several miles. But in addition to your DSLR or mirrorless digital camera, you should bring enough equipment to get different types of shots. “I like to have a variety of lenses with me because I don’t want to limit the type of photos I can get,” Nguyen says. She usually brings one wide lens and one tighter lens. She also brings a drone (if she’s not in a national park) to get a different perspective.

Whitehouse values variety too. “Even if I think all I want is a wide angle with the reflection of a lake, I could get there and see something cool that I might want to get with a more zoomed-in lens,” she says. What she packs depends on the other gear she has to bring. If she’s going backpacking, she won’t bring more than two lenses. “If I’m just going on a hike, I’ll bring lenses that range from 20mm to 200mm. I do a lot of my daytime mountain shots handheld, but if I want to do astrophotography, I bring a tripod,” Whitehouse says.

Find the right aperture.

Because light conditions can vary extensively from one mountain scene to another, experiment with your f-stop settings. “For mountain landscapes, I typically shoot between f/8 and f/11,” Nguyen says. “Over f/11, the image won’t be as sharp, and you’re going to have diffraction. When shooting during sunrise or sunset, you want to have the widest aperture possible to let in most of the light, so I shoot at f/1.8 or f/2.8.”

For landscape shots in general, Whitehouse recommends starting with an aperture set at f/8. “If it’s too low, it may be focused in the center but softer on the outsides,” she says.

Play with composition.

There’s more to mountain photography than using a wide-angle lens and following the rule of thirds. “If you’re in the mountains, you can use a 16mm lens to show a wide view, or you can use a 600mm lens from far away to make the mountain look huge,” Whitehouse says. “You can be miles away and have a person at a tent or standing on a ridge and use a telephoto lens to make the mountain look massive behind them.”

Lose sleep to gain light.

“It’s important to have ideal lighting, like sunset, sunrise, or the golden hour. A midday shot is not as impressive. If you find yourself shooting a mountain and nothing’s happening — maybe it’s a boring sunset — try to add an element or subject in the photo that pops and engages your viewer,” says Nguyen.

“If you’re in a mountain range, around sunrise or sunset, the light is a lot softer. You’ll get a haze covering the faraway peaks, and it’s fun to play around with those different layers in the landscape,” Whitehouse says.